Basil (Sugar) (Ocimum basilicum L.)
- Annual herbaceous plant yasnotkovyh family (Lamiaceae). In the wild grows in Iran, India, China and some other countries in feral condition occurs in southern Asia, in Africa, Tropical America, Central Asia and the Caucasus.
The root branching, located superficially. A stalk straight, square, silnovetvisty, 50-70 cm in height, well oblistvenny. Leaves korotkochereshkovye, oblong-ovoid, seldom-gear. A stalk, leaves and cups are covered with hairs. Bilabiate flowers, white, pale pink, purple less, gathered in false whorl. The fruit consists of four brown nuts, which after maturing separated from one another. Mass 1000 seeds 0,5-0,8 City Seeds retain vshozhest four to five years.
The biological characteristics
Demanding to heat, light, moisture and soil. The seeds sprout when the soil temperature no lower than 10 ° C, at 20 - 22 ° C rises appear after 10-14 days, with 30 - 35 ° C - six or seven days. Blossoms in June - August, a massive bloom occurs in mid-July. Fertile in August - September. Needs in moisture, especially during the germination of seeds and before flowering. In the middle strip Russia of its grown in areas with southern exposures, sheltered from north winds.
Reproduction and farming
Reproduces seeds. In the southern region grow sowing seeds into the ground and examination. In the central zone for the purposes of applying only seed rassadnuyu culture, to get greens sowing seeds into the ground.
Under the basil душистый drenirovannye give good, loamy soil and loamy, well-filled organic fertilizers. Immediately after the harvest field luschat predecessor, the main ploughing hold to a depth of 25-27 cm by making it mineral and organic fertilizers. In spring harrow to preserve soil moisture and make one or two cultivation with harrowing. Before planting the field wheels.
Basil leaves affected spot. At the young plants sometimes appears aphid, causing slight damage Field bugs.
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